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Leon Czolgosz
Leon Frank Czolgosz ( \CHŌL-gōsh\ Polish form: Czołgosz, ; May 5, 1873〔October 29, 1901; also used surname "Nieman" and variations thereof) was an American anarchist and former steel worker responsible for the Assassination of William McKinley, President of the United States.
== Early life ==
Czolgosz was, according to one source, born in Alpena, Michigan, on May 5, 1873, but the 1900 census gives his place of birth as Ohio. The 1880 U.S. Census of Alpena, Alpena County, Michigan, enumeration district 007, page 31, shows Louis Chandgas to be the son of Paul and Mary Chandgas, b. ca. 1874 in Michigan. The census shows him as having 6 siblings. Paul and Mary were born in Poland. His three older brothers, Warren, Frank and Joseph, were born in Poland while Louis was born in Michigan. He was one of eight children of Paul Czolgosz and his wife Mary Nowak, Polish Catholic immigrants (although the 1900 census give their origin as "Germany" - but, of course, Poland did not exist in 1900).
Czolgosz's ancestors probably came from what is now Belarus. His father may have migrated to the US in the 1860s from Astravyets (Ostrowiec) near Wilno. When he arrived in the United States, he gave his ethnicity as Hungarian and changed the spelling of his surname from ''Zholhus'' (Жолгусь, Żołguś) to Czolgosz.
The Czolgosz family moved to Detroit when Leon was five. At the age of 10, while living in Posen, Michigan, Czolgosz's mother died six weeks after giving birth to his sister, Victoria. His first job was at about age fourteen to sixteen in a glass factory in Natrona, Pennsylvania, returning home two years later. By age seventeen he found employment at the Cleveland Rolling Mill Company. After the economic crash of 1893, when the factory closed for some time and looked to reduce wages, the workers went on strike putting Leon and his brothers out of work. With great economic and social turmoil around him, Czolgosz found little comfort in the Polish Catholic church and other immigrant institutions, and sought others who shared his concerns regarding injustice. He joined a moderate workingman's socialist club, the Golden Eagle Society, and eventually a more radical group known as Sila where he became interested in anarchism.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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